1. The table below shows the number of students living in the UK gaining English language teacher training qualifications in 2007/8 and 2008/9, and the proportion of male qualifiers.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
| Qualifications for English Language Teachers obtained 2007/8 and 2008/9, UK | |||||
| Total | Female | Male | % Male | ||
| 2007/8 | Total | 32,930 | 23,842 | 8,165 | 24.7% |
| TEFL | 25,446 | 18,460 | 6,870 | 26.9% | |
| Cambridge UCLES CELTA & other degrees | 7,484 | 5,382 | 1,295 | 17.3% | |
| 2008/9 | Total | 32,945 | 24,324 | 7,511 | 22.7% |
| TEFL | 24,917 | 18,446 | 6,545 | 26.2% | |
| Cambridge UCLES CELTA & other degrees | 8,028 | 5,878 | 966 | 12.1% | |
Model answer
This report summarises information on the total number of students in the United Kingdom who gained qualifications for English Language Teachers in two academic years, 2007/8 and 2008/9, with specific focus on the number of male qualifiers.
In both years, the total numbers of students remained the same, but there was a great difference between the numbers of male and female students who qualified. In 2007/8, out of a total of 32,930 students, only 24.7% were male. The percentage of males who qualified in 2008/9 was even lower. Out of a total of 32,945 students, only 22.7% of them were male. This is a drop of 2%.
There was also a large difference in the qualifications that students studied for. Most students qualified with a TEFL certificate; this was true for male students. The number of students who qualified with the TEFL was roughly three times the number who qualified with a Cambridge UCLES CELTA or other degrees, although the total number of students qualifying with the TEFL dropped slightly, from 25,446 in 2007/8 to 24,917 a year later. There was a drop of 0.7% in the number of male students who gained this qualification.
In general it can be seen that the number of males qualifying as English language teachers is vastly outnumbered by females and that the proportion of male qualifiers is gradually dropping.
(226 words)
2. The pie charts below show the average household expenditures in Japan and Malaysia in the year 2010.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Average Household Expenditures by Major Category
Read the following model answer. Complete the answer by filling the gaps with a word from the box below.
| main | but | than | higher |
| smallest | in contrast | compared with | lower |
| higher | overall | indicates | while |
Model answer
The pie charts show the proportion of money spent on various household expenses in Malaysia and Japan in 2010.
We can see that in Malaysia the greatest proportion of expenditure (34%) was on housing, .......... in Japan housing accounted for just 21% of the total. .........., in Japan the greatest single expense was other goods and services at 29%, .......... 26% in Malaysia. Food came in second place in Japan, at 24%, while in Malaysia the actual proportion was .......... (27%). In Japan another major expense was transport, at 20%, but this was much .......... In Malaysia (10%). In both countries the .......... percentage of expenditure was on health care.
.........., the data .......... that in both cases food, housing and other goods and services were the .......... expenses, .......... that in Japan, transport and other goods and services took up a .......... proportion of total expenditure .......... in Malaysia.
3. The bar chart below shows the percentage of students who passed their high school competency exams, by subject and gender, during the period 2010-2011.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Students passing high school competency exams, by subject and gender, 2010-2011
*includes French, German and Spanish
Look at the graph and complete the following model answer by writing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS in each space.
Model answer
The graph shows the percentages of boys and girls who were successful in their high school competency exams in the period from 2010 to 2011, by subject.
Overall, students of both sexes .......... best in Computer Science, Mathematics, and Foreign Languages, .......... French, German and Spanish. Results for boys and girls were roughly .......... in Computer Science and Mathematics. In other subjects, .........., there were some significant ...........
Girls achieved by far their .......... in Computer Science, with a pass rate of .........., which was .......... than the boys. The difference was even .......... in Chemistry, where .......... more girls passed. .......... subject where boys’ results were better than girls was .......... where they achieved a pass rate of .........., which was 10% higher than .......... for girls.
In general, .......... that during the period in question girls performed better in most subjects in the competency exams than boys.
4. The table below shows the worldwide market share of the notebook computer market for manufacturers in the years 2006 and 2007.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
| Company | 2006 % Market Share | 2007 % Market Share |
| HP | 31.4 | 34 |
| Dell | 16.6 | 20.2 |
| Acer | 11.6 | 10.7 |
| Toshiba | 6.2 | 7.3 |
| Lenovo | 6.6 | 6.2 |
| Fujitsu-Siemens | 4.8 | 2.3 |
| Others | 22.8 | 19.3 |
| Total | 100 | 100 |
The table gives information on the market share of notebook computer manufacturers for two consecutive years, 2006 and 2007.
In both years, HP was clearly the market leader, selling 31.4% of all notebook computers in 2006, and slightly more (34%) in 2007. This is a greater market share than its two closest competitors, Dell and Acer, added together.
Dell increased its market share from 16.6% in 2006 to 20.2% in 2007. In contrast, Acer saw its share of the market decline slightly from 11.6% to 10.7%.
The other companies listed each had a much smaller share of the market. Toshiba’s share increased from 6.2% in 2006 to 7.3% in 2007, whereas Lenovo’s decreased slightly from 6.6% to 6.2%. Fujitsu-Siemens’ share more than halved from 2006 to 2007: from 4.8% of the market to only 2.3%.
Other notebook computer manufacturers accounted for 22.8% of the market in 2006 – more than all the companies mentioned except HP. However, in 2007 the other companies only made 19.3% of notebook computer sales – less than both HP and Dell.
(174 words)
5. The graph below shows the number of books read by men and women at Burnaby Public Library from 2011 to 2014.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Model answer
The graph gives information about Burnaby Public Library between 2011 and 2014. It shows how many library books people read over this four-year period.
As can be seen from the graph, there were different trends for men and women. The number of books read by men increased steadily between 2011 and 2012, from about 3000 to 4000. After that, the number rose dramatically to 14000 books in 2014. This was the highest figure in the period.
Women started off reading more books than men, but their numbers followed a different pattern. Between 2011 and 2012, there was an increase of 3000 from 5000 books to 8000 books, and then a gradual rise to 10000 books in 2013. However, in 2014, their numbers fell back to 8000 again.
Overall, there was a strong upward trend in the number of books read by men. Although women read more books than men in 2011, their reading fell to below the level of men in 2014.
(162 words)6. The line graph below shows the percentage of tourists to England who visited four different attractions in Brighton.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Model answer
The line graph shows the percentage of tourists to England who visited certain Brighton attractions between 1980 and 2010. We can see that in 1980 and in 2010 the favourite attractions were the pavilion and the festival. In 1980 the least popular attraction was the pier but in 2010 this changed and the art gallery was the least popular.
During the 1980s and 1990s there was a sharp increase in visitors to the pavilion from 28% to 48% and then the percentage gradually went down to 31% in 2010. The trend for the art gallery was similar to the pavilion. Visitors increased rapidly from 22% to 37% from 1980 to 1985 then gradually decreased to less than 10% over the next twenty-five years. The number of tourists who visited the Brighton Festival fluctuated slightly but in general remained steady at about 25%. Visitors to the pier also fluctuated from 1980 to 2000 then rose significantly from 12% to 22% between 2000 and 2010.
(163 words)
7. The two pie charts below show some employment patterns in Great Britain in 1992.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Employees and self-employed: by sex and occupation, 1992
Model answer
The charts provide information on the proportion of males and females in employment in 6 broad categories, divided into manual and non-manual occupations. In general, a greater percentage of women work in non-manual occupations than work in manual occupations, and the reverse is true for men.
In the non-manual occupations, while a greater percentage of working women than men are found in clerical-type positions, there is a smaller percentage of women than men employed in managerial and professional positions. The percentage of women employed in other non-manual occupations is slightly larger than the percentage of men in these occupations.
In manual employment, the biggest difference between the two sexes is in the employment of craft workers, where males make up 24% of the workforce and females just 3%. Furthermore, the percentage of women working as general working as general labourers is very small, only 1%. There is not a great deal of difference between the percentage of men doing other forms of manual work (26%) and women in other manual work (27%).
In summary, the two charts clearly show that women do not have the same access as men to certain types of employment.
(194 words)
8. The diagram below shows the production of electricity using a system called Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC).
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.
Write at least 150 words.
How Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) works
Source: Daily Telegraph - 8th Jan 2008
Model answer
Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a system that converts heat energy into the electric power using the temperature difference between surface seawater, which can be up to 29 degrees Celsius, and deep seawater, which is only 5 degrees Celsius.
The main components of the system are an evacuated evaporation chamber, a turbine and a condensing chamber. The solar energy of the sun heats up the surface water and this warm water is introduced into the evacuated evaporation chamber, where it boils. As it boils, salt is deposited and water vapour is generated. This vapour then drives a turbine to generate electricity. After it powers the turbine, the water vapour enters the condensing chamber, which is cooled by the water from the depths of the ocean. The water vapour is condensed in this chamber, producing drinking water. Meanwhile, waste salt water is discharged into the ocean and the process can be repeated.
(152 words)
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